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KMID : 1161420130160060471
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2013 Volume.16 No. 6 p.471 ~ p.480
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Protective Effect of β-Caryophyllene, a Natural Bicyclic Sesquiterpene, Against Cerebral Ischemic Injury
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Chang Hyun-Joo
Kim Ji-Myung
Lee Jae-Chul
Kim Won-Ki
Chun Hyang-Sook
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Abstract
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β-Caryophyllene (trans-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylenebicyclo[7,2,0]undec-4-ene), found in various plants, is a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene with a low toxicity. Here, we show that a single intraperitoneal injection of β-caryophyllene (10?mg/kg) significantly reduced the cortical infarct volume by 67% when given immediately before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Neurological deficits caused by MCAO were also significantly decreased by β-caryophyllene. β-Caryophyllene treatment of cortical cells exposed to oxygen?glucose deprivation revealed a significant protection in a dose-dependent manner. However, β-caryophyllene neither suppressed N-methyl-d-aspartate excitotoxicity in cultured cortical cells nor markedly decreased the oxidative stress measured in the cellular or acellular systems. By contrast, treatments with β-caryophyllene dose-dependently inhibited mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and cyclooxygenase 2 in C6 microglial cells, and decreased the level of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 at a 100?μM concentration. All of these findings suggest that β-caryophyllene has a potent neuroprotective activity, and its neuroprotection may be partly related to the modulation of inflammatory mediators.
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KEYWORD
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β-caryophyllene, infarct volume, inflammatory mediators, middle cerebral artery occlusion, neuroprotective
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